Recent studies have shown that individuals with psychiatric disorders, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, depression and other psychiatric illnesses are deficient in glutathione.
Glutathione is the major free radical scavenger in the brain. If glutathione levelsbecome low, toxins can build up creating oxidative stress and cell damage.
Scientific research suggests that oxidative stress is a major factor underlying the development of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.
Glutathione is the major free radical scavenger in the brain. If glutathione levelsbecome low, toxins can build up creating oxidative stress and cell damage.
Scientific research suggests that oxidative stress is a major factor underlying the development of bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia.
Glutathione is Vital in the Brain
Glutathione is the major antioxidant and free radical scavenger in the brain and plays a vital role in mopping up harmful toxins. Without enough glutathione, these toxins accumulate and cause cell damage.
In a study published in the July 2010 issue of the International Journal of Neuropsyhopharmacology researchers found that the levels of systemic glutathione were significantly decreased in all psychiatric conditionsand that individuals with these types of mental disorders may be more susceptible to oxidative stress and free radical damage.
In a study published in the July 2010 issue of the International Journal of Neuropsyhopharmacology researchers found that the levels of systemic glutathione were significantly decreased in all psychiatric conditionsand that individuals with these types of mental disorders may be more susceptible to oxidative stress and free radical damage.
Chelator of Heavy Metals
Glutathione has a unique ability to neutralise many types of free radicals and is also one of the cell's most powerful chelating agents, able to detoxify heavy metals, such as the mercury leaching from dental amalgam. These heavy metals would otherwise build up in the brain.
Glutathione is so important that scientists call it "The Defender of the Cell".
Glutathione is so important that scientists call it "The Defender of the Cell".
Depleted Glutathione Levels
Glutathione levels decrease with age by around 15% per decade. Other factors such as stress, alcohol, medications, toxins and electromagnetic radiation further deplete the vital glutathione levels.
In addition, exposure to electromagnetic radiation (such as from the ubiquitous WiFi, cordless and mobile phones) makes the blood brain barrier permeable to neurotoxins (such as mercury).
In addition, exposure to electromagnetic radiation (such as from the ubiquitous WiFi, cordless and mobile phones) makes the blood brain barrier permeable to neurotoxins (such as mercury).
How to Increase Glutathione Production
RiboCeine™ is a novel compound that provides an effective means of elevating intracellular glutathione production. The RiboCeine compound combines ribose (an essential component of cellular energy ATP) and cysteine (precursor for glutathione) to provide the cells with the required building blocks for glutathione production.
RiboCeine is the key ingredient in the supplement Cellgevity™, which has been shown to increase systemic glutathione production by over 300%. Cellgevity is ideal for supporting optimal brain function, detoxifying cells, improving mental clarity, increasing energy levels, enhancingsleep quality and improving overall health.
RiboCeine is the key ingredient in the supplement Cellgevity™, which has been shown to increase systemic glutathione production by over 300%. Cellgevity is ideal for supporting optimal brain function, detoxifying cells, improving mental clarity, increasing energy levels, enhancingsleep quality and improving overall health.
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Clinical Studies
Trends Pharmacol Sci. 2013 Mar;34(3):167-77. doi: 10.1016/j.tips.2013.01.001. Epub 2013 Jan 29.
The promise of N-acetylcysteine in neuropsychiatry.
Source
School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia. mikebe@barwonhealth.org.au
Abstract
N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) targets a diverse array of factors germane to the pathophysiology of multiple neuropsychiatric disorders including glutamatergic transmission, the antioxidant glutathione, neurotrophins, apoptosis, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory pathways. This review summarises the areas where the mechanisms of action of NAC overlap with known pathophysiological elements, and offers a précis of current literature regarding the use of NAC in disorders including cocaine, cannabis, and smoking addictions, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, autism, compulsive and grooming disorders, schizophrenia, depression, and bipolar disorder. There are positive trials of NAC in all these disorders, and although many of these require replication and are methodologically preliminary, this makes it one of the most promising drug candidates in neuropsychiatric disorders. The efficacy pattern of NAC interestingly shows little respect for the current diagnostic systems. Its benign tolerability profile, its action on multiple operative pathways, and the emergence of positive trial data make it an important target to investigate.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
- PMID:
- 23369637
- [PubMed - in process]
003. Epub 2013 Mar 21.
Oxidative stress and therapeutic implications in psychiatric disorders.
Source
Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA; Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA; Psychiatry Research Center, Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China. Electronic address: xyzhang@bcm.edu.
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates that disturbances of antioxidant defense system and presence of oxidative stress can play a part in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, as well as antipsychotic-induced tardive dyskinesia (TD). Moreover, researchers have embarked on using antioxidant treatment as adjunct therapy for psychiatry disorders. Evidence from clinical, pre-clinical and epidemiological studies suggests that a benefit of using antioxidant compounds should be considered as an adjunctive therapy in these patients. These are some of the main perspectives that are reviewed by four articles in this special section. Overall, there has been growing recognition of the importance of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders and the development of TD. The collection of articles in this special section will contribute to providing more efficacious treatments arising from a better appreciation of the roles of oxidative stress in these psychiatric disorders.
Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
KEYWORDS:
AODS, Antioxidant defense system, Antioxidant therapy, BPRS, Bipolar disorders, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale, CAT, Catalase, DHA, Dehydroascorbic acid, EPA, Eicosapentaenoic acid, GSH, GSHPx, GST, Glutathione, Glutathione peroxidase, Major depression, N-acetyl-cysteine, NAC, NADPH, NO, Nitric oxide, PANSS, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, RNS, ROS, Reactive nitrogen species, Reactive oxygen species, SOD, Schizophrenia, Superoxide dismutase, TD, Tardive dyskinesia, glutathione S-transferases, reduced Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
- PMID:
- 23523744
- [PubMed - in process]
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